Growth Factors & Signaling
The signaling molecules — BMPs, VEGF, PDGF, TGF-β, Wnt — that instruct cells during repair, and how their delivery is controlled.
- 01
Growth factor delivery
Potent, unstable, and short-lived — why delivering growth factors is harder than choosing them.
- 02
VEGF and angiogenesis
The principal driver of new blood vessel growth — and the first requirement of any thick construct.
- 03
PDGF in tissue repair
Platelet-derived growth factor — one of the earliest signals released at any wound.
- 04
TGF-β signaling
The superfamily containing the BMPs — and a signal whose effect depends entirely on context.
- 05
Wnt signaling in regeneration
A developmental pathway reused in adult repair — and a validated drug target in bone.
- 06
Controlled release kinetics
Getting the right signal to the right place at the right time — for the right duration.
- 07
FGF signaling
Fibroblast growth factors — potent proliferative signals with a dual role in bone.